Certain species of bamboo can grow 91 centimetres (36 inches) within a 24-hour period, at a rate of almost 40 millimeters ( 1 + 1⁄ 2 in) an hour (equivalent to 1 mm every 90 seconds). īamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system. The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering. The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent. In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross-section are scattered throughout the walls of the culm instead of in a cylindrical cambium layer between the bark ( phloem) and the wood ( xylem) as in Dicots and Conifers. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it probably comes from the Dutch or Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay or Kannada. By contrast, the culms of the tiny bamboo Raddiella vanessiae of the Kaieteur Plateau in French Guiana are only 0.4–0.8 inches (10–20 millimeters) in length by about one-twelfth inch (two millimeters) in width.
and Arthrostylidium schombergkii with lower internodes up to 16 feet ( five meters) in length, exceeded in length only by Papyrus. Kinabaluchloa wrayi has internodes up to 8.2 feet (2.5 meters) in length. The internodes of bamboos can also be of great length. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family, in the case of Dendrocalamus sinicus individual culms reaching a length of 151 feet (46 meters), up to fourteen inches (36 centimeters) in thickness and a weight of up to 990 pounds (450 kilograms). "Bamboo" in ancient seal script (top) and regular script (bottom) Chinese charactersīamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.
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